牛津大学 电影「牛津大学如何谈论电影TalkAboutMovies」

Hi there! I'm Johan from Oxford Online English.

大家好！我是 Johan 来自Oxford Online English。

Do you love cinema?

Or do you just want to find some topics to talk about in English?

你们喜欢电影吗？

还是只是想找些能用英语谈论的话题？

Either way this will be a fantastic lesson for you, because we're going to look at how to have interesting conversations about film and cinema in English.

We'll look at how to talk about films in general, and you can also learn vocabulary to talk about different kinds of films in English.

无论是哪种原因这节课对你来说都会是很棒的一节课，因为我们将来看一下英语中关于电影的有趣对话。

我们先来看在一般情况下如何谈论电影，你还可以学习用于谈论不同种类电影的英语词汇。

But first… Part one: how to talk about your favourite film.

The easiest way to start talking about films is to ask: "What is your favourite film?"

但首先...第一部分：如何谈论你最喜欢的电影。

谈论电影最简单的方法就是问：“你最喜欢的电影是什么？”

I can tell you about myself. My favourite film is Apocalypse Now.

我可以告诉你我自己的。我最喜欢的电影是《现代启示录》。

If you were talking to me, you could follow this question by asking: "Why do you like it?"

For me, I like this film because it has an interesting plot.

如果你在跟我谈话可以在这个问题后问：“你为什么喜欢这个电影？”

对我来说，我喜欢这部电影是因为它情节很有趣。

It also has great cinematography and some amazing performances. Plot is another word for story.

它的摄影技术也很出色，演员演绎得也很精彩。Plot 是 story 的另一种说法。

And cinematography refers to the imagery of the film — how it looks and how it was shot. Apocalypse Now has great cinematography because it has many beautiful, shocking and memorable scenes, which I'll always remember.

摄影技术是指电影的画面看起来怎么样，以及是如何拍摄的。《现代启示录》的摄影技术很棒，因为它有很多美丽的，令人震惊难以忘怀的场景，让我始终记忆犹新。

Performance means how an actor acts. You can say things like: "Edward Norton's performance in Fight Club was surely one of the best of his career."

Performance 意思是演员如何表演的。你可以这么说：“爱德华·诺顿在《搏击俱乐部》中的表演的确是他职业生涯中最好的一次。”

Or "Steven Spielberg always gets good performances out of his actors." What else can I say about this film?

或说“史蒂芬·斯皮尔伯格总能从他的演员那得到好的表演。”关于这部电影我还能说些什么呢？

If you haven't seen it, or you don't know what it is, I could give you some more basic information, such as: It's a war film. It's set in Vietnam during the war.

如果你没有看过它，或者你不知道它是什么，我可以再向你介绍一些基本信息，比如：它是一部战争片。背景设定在战争时期的越南。

It was directed by Francis Ford Coppola. And it's based on a book by Joseph Conrad.

导演是弗朗西斯·福特·科波拉。它是根据约瑟夫·康拉德一本书改编的。

What about your favourite film? You could use these sentences to talk about it: It's a something film.

你最喜欢的电影是什么？你可以用这些句子来谈论它：它是一部什么样的电影。

It's set in. . . It was directed by. . . It's based on. . . What else can you say about your favourite film? Can you make one or two sentences to explain why you like it?

背景设定在...导演是...它是根据...关于你最喜欢的电影你还可以说些什么呢？你可以用一句或两句话解释一下你为什么喜欢它么？

Pause the video now and practice if you want. Next, do you know what the word for a style of film is?

如果你想的话可以暂停视频练习一下。接下来，你知道电影风格该用哪个词来表示么？

We use the word genre. It's pronounced with a/ʒ/sound which sounds like the's' in television.

我们用 genre 这个词。它的发音中有/ʒ/这个音，听起来就像television 里 's' 的发音。

You can also talk about types of films or kinds of films. The meaning is the same.

你也可以谈论 types of films 或者 kinds of films。它们的意思是一样的。

So what genres of film do you like or dislike? Next, you're going to learn how to talk about different types of films in more detail.

你喜欢或者不喜欢什么题材的电影？接下来，你将学习如何更详细地谈论不同种类的电影。

Shall we begin with some feel-good films? Part two: feel-good films: comedies, musicals and animations.

我们可以先从比较轻松的电影开始吗？第二部分：轻松的电影：喜剧，音乐剧和动画片。

Who's this? This is Charlie Chaplain, one of the first producers of comedy films.

这是谁？这是查理·卓别林，首批喜剧电影制片人之一。

His style is called slapstick and this means that silly things happen to him, like slipping on a banana. Slapstick is usually simple, physical comedy.

他的风格被称为闹剧，意思是他总会干些愚蠢的事，比如踩到香蕉皮滑倒。闹剧通常是简单的，肢体式的喜剧。

Some other famous comedies are Ace Ventura: Pet Detective, The Hangover or Monty Python and the Holy Grail. These are different types of comedy.

其他有名的喜剧有艾丝·温图拉的《宠物侦探》，《宿醉》或者《蒙提·派森》还有《圣杯》。他们是不同种类的喜剧。

The Hangover is more of a gross-out comedy. Its jokes are based on disgusting ideas or images.

《宿醉》是一部更偏低俗的喜剧。里面的笑话是建立在下流的想法或画面上的。

Monty Python is a famous surreal comedy. It's surreal because its humour is based on strange situations and weird jokes.

《蒙提·派森》是著名的超现实主义喜剧。因为它的笑点建立在奇特的情景和诡异的笑话上的，所以它是超现实主义。

If you laughed or enjoyed the film you would say the film is funny or amusing. If you laughed a lot you could say something like: "The Hangover was hilarious."

如果你觉得好笑或者喜欢这部电影你会说这部电影很有趣或者好玩。如果你觉得特别好笑你可以这么说：“《宿醉》非常搞笑。”

You could also describe how much you laughed. For example, you could say: "I've never laughed so much!"

你也可以描述你觉得有多么好笑。比如，你可以说：“我从来没这么大笑过。”

"I was on the floor laughing." Or, "I laughed till I cried."

“我都笑趴下了。”或者，“我眼泪都笑出来了。”

Another feel-good genre is musicals. What do you think this means?

另一种轻松题材的电影是音乐剧。你认为它是什么意思？

As you can imagine, these films have a lot of singing. Some famous examples are Singing in the Rain, High School Musical and The Sound of Music.

你可以想象一下，这类电影里面有很多唱歌的地方。有名的音乐剧有《雨中曲》，《歌舞青春》还有《音乐之声》。

If a musical had memorable songs you could use the word catchy to describe them: "The songs in The Sound of Music were very catchy." This means that the songs get into your head, so you might find yourself singing the songs to yourself days or even weeks later.

如果你对一部音乐剧里面的歌曲印象深刻的话，你可以用 catchy 这个词来描述它们：“《音乐之声》里面的歌曲很朗朗上口。”意思是那些歌曲很容易被记住，所以你可能会发现在几天甚至是几周后自己还能唱起来。

Musicals should also have good dance scenes, where all the cast dance together. Dance scenes need good choreography—this is how the dance scenes are planned.

音乐剧里也会有精彩的舞蹈场景，所有的演员在一起跳舞。舞蹈场景需要编舞——就是安排布置舞蹈场景。

"I love Moulin Rouge for many reasons, but I particularly like the choreography." Many films have soundtracks—songs which are used within the film.

“我喜欢《红磨坊》是出于很多原因，其中我特别喜欢里面的编舞。”很多电影都有自己的电影原声带——里面有电影里使用的歌曲。

For a musical, the soundtrack is obviously important. Often, you can buy the soundtracks to famous films.

对于音乐剧来说，原声带格外重要。通常来讲，你可以买到著名电影的原声带。

"She's been listening to the Frozen soundtrack non-stop for weeks now." Have you seen Frozen?

“她连续听了好几周的《冰雪奇缘》原声带。”你看过《冰雪奇缘》么？

It's a musical, but it's also an animation. These films are made by animators – people who use graphics or some other way to create the film.

它既是一部音乐剧，也是一部动画片。这类电影由动画设计者制作——他们通过绘制图像或其他方式来创作电影。

Think of films like The Lion King, Shrek or Ice Age. These films are often made just for children, but they often have stories that both adults and children will enjoy.

想一下像《狮子王》，《怪物史莱克》或者《冰川世纪》这类电影。这些电影通常都是为儿童制作的，但是他们也有大人和孩子都喜欢的故事。

Modern animations like Ice Age are made largely using computer imagery, but traditional animations were hand-drawn. "I prefer older animated films.

现代动画片比如《冰川世纪》，大部分是利用电脑影像制作的，但是传统动画片都是手绘的。“我更喜欢老动画电影。

I think the hand-drawn style creates a nicer feel." Many of these feel-good films are sentimental.

我认为手绘风格能打造出更好的观感。”很多轻松题材的电影情感都很丰富。

They make you feel emotional, or maybe they even make you cry. But I never cry during films, honest!

他们会让你情绪激动，甚至可能还会让你流泪。我看电影的时候从来不哭，这是实话！

If a film makes you feel strong emotions, you can describe it as moving. This brings us to our next topic.

如果一部电影让你觉得情绪很激动，你可以把它描述为动人的电影。这样我们可以引出下一个话题。

Part three: moving films: romance, dramas and epics. When was the last time you saw a moving film.

第三部分：动人的电影：爱情片，戏剧和史诗。你上次看一部动人的电影是什么时候。

Was it a romance or perhaps a drama? Often, romance follows a simple structure: boy meets girl, boy loses girl, boy gets girl.

它是一部爱情片还是戏剧。通常爱情片情节都很简单：男孩遇见女孩，男孩失去女孩，男孩得到女孩。

What language can we use to describe these types of films? If it made you cry you can say that it brought you to tears or that you cried all the way through: "Titanic was a moving film; it brought me to tears."

我们可以用什么语言来描述这类电影呢？如果它感动得你流泪了，你可以说它让你热泪盈眶或者让你一路哭到尾，比如：“《泰坦尼克号》是一部感人的电影；它让我热泪盈眶。”

Or, you could say: "I cried all the way through Titanic; romantic films always make me emotional." We can also talk about the chemistry between the two characters.

或者，你可以说：“我看《泰坦尼克号》从头哭到尾；爱情电影总是让我情绪激动。”我们也可以谈论两个角色之间的化学反应。

This means that you can feel the passion between the two main actors. "There was so much chemistry between Leonardo Dicaprio and Kate Winslet."

意思是你能感受到两个主演之间的激情。“莱昂纳多·迪卡里奥和凯特·温斯莱特之间有激烈的化学反应。”

Titanic is also an example of a drama. A drama is a film where the characters are realistic.

《泰坦尼克号》同时也是一部戏剧。戏剧就是角色是现实人物的电影。

The story focuses on their relationships and problems. Some other famous examples of dramas are The Godfather or The Shawshank Redemption.

故事情节聚焦在人物之间的关系和冲突上。其他有名的戏剧电影还有《教父》或者《肖申克的救赎》。

Drama is a very broad genre. Dramas can be positive and uplifting like The Shawshank Redemption, which has a happy, optimistic message, but some dramas can be dark and bleak, like Twelve Years a Slave, which deals with more unpleasant and negative themes.

戏剧题材非常广阔。戏剧可以是积极的，令人振奋的，比如《肖申克的救赎》，它传递了一种幸福的，乐观的信息，但一些戏剧也可以是阴暗的，比如《为奴十二年》，它的主题更忧伤和消极。

Maybe the film really made you think about life. Sometimes the film has an open ending.

可能这种电影能真的让你思考人生。有些时候电影的结局是开放式的。

In these cases you would say that the film was thought-provoking or you could say that it left you thinking. "The Shawshank Redemption left me thinking."

在这种情况下，你可以说这是一部发人深省的电影或者你可以说它激发了你的思考。“《肖申克的救赎》让我思考颇多。”

Or: "Citizen Kane was thought-provoking." Some dramas are based on true stories or real historical events.

或者说：“《公民凯恩》是一部发人深省的电影。"一些戏剧是根据真实故事或者历史事件改编的。

For example, Lawrence of Arabia is a historical drama about real people and events. Have you seen it?

比如：《阿拉伯的劳伦斯》就是一部讲述了真人真事的历史剧。你看过它么？

It's nearly four hours long! This makes it an epic.

它长达将近四个小时。这让它成为了一部史诗作品。

Epics are films which have very big, broad stories. Epics often have different characters and sub-plots.

史诗是故事情节非常宏大的电影。史诗里有不同的人物角色和陪衬情节。

Do you remember what plot means? Then you should be able to guess the meaning of a sub-plot.

你还记得 plot 的意思么？这样你应该能猜出 sub-plot 的意思来。

A sub-plot is a mini-story, maybe involving minor characters. For example, the main plot of a film might be about the hero's battle against evil, while there is also a sub-plot about his or her love interest.

sub-plot 就是一个小故事，可能包含次要人物。比如，一部电影的主线情节是男主角对战邪恶势力，但陪衬情节可以是他或者她的爱情趣事。

Epic films often have many sub-plots, which can make them very long. Most epics are over two hours long.

史诗电影通常有很多陪衬情节，所以他们时长很长。大多数的史诗电影都在两个小时以上。

Some other famous epics are Ben Hur, Braveheart or Gangs of New York. Epics are usually big-budget films: they cost a lot to make.

其他的史诗电影还有《宾虚传》，《勇敢的心》以及《纽约黑帮》。史诗片通常都是大成本电影：也就是说它们花费巨大。

"The budget for Ben Hur must have been huge." Some epics, like Braveheart, contain a lot of exciting action scenes.

“《宾虚传》的拍摄成本一定很大。”一些史诗电影，比如《勇敢的心》，有许多激动人心的动作场面。

This brings us to… Part four: exciting films: horror, sci-fi and action.

这就是...第四部分：刺激类的电影：恐怖片，科幻片和动作片。

Some films try to scare you: these are horror films. Who is this?

那些试图吓唬你的电影就是恐怖片。这是谁？

For most people it's Frankenstein but technically it is Frankenstein's monster. There are many other scary films such as Nightmare on Elm Street, The Exorcist or Jaws.

在大多数人认为它是弗兰肯斯坦，但从技术层面上讲它其实是弗兰肯斯坦怪人。恐怖片还有很多，比如《猛鬼街》，《驱魔人》还有《大白鲨》。

Some people don't watch horrors because it gives them nightmares. Do you watch them?

有的人不看恐怖片，因为那会让他们做噩梦。你看恐怖片么？

Good horror films should be terrifying or even petrifying. Petrifying means that something is so scary that you can't even move.

好的恐怖片应该是吓人的，甚至吓得人浑身僵硬。Petrifying 意思是某物让你害怕得走不动道。

"The Ring was petrifying. I was too scared even to go upstairs by myself after I saw it."

“《午夜凶铃》吓得我四肢僵硬。看完之后，因为太害怕我连台阶都迈不上去了。”

You can also say that the film will give you nightmares. "Jaws is a terrifying film; it really gave me nightmares."

你也可以说这部电影让你噩梦连连。“《大白鲨》太吓人了；真的让我噩梦连连。”

Some horror films use a lot of violence and blood to scare you, but others depend on atmosphere. These horror films are spooky or creepy.

一些恐怖电影利用暴力和血腥来让你感到恐惧，但一些却靠营造氛围。有些恐怖电影是灵异的或者诡异的。

They scare you by creating a sense of the unknown. "The Blair Witch Project was so spooky.

它们通过营造未知的场景来吓唬你。“《女巫布莱尔》太让人毛骨悚然了。

I couldn't sleep for a week!" What about this famous horror film?

我这一周都无法入睡了。”这部有名的恐怖片怎么样？

This is an alien from the film Alien. This film is a horror film, but it's also sci-fi.

这是电影《异形》中的一个外星人。这是一部恐怖片，也是一部科幻片。

Do you know what sci-fi stands for? It stands for science fiction.

你知道 sci-fi 指什么吗？它指的是科幻小说。

Sci-fi films show us futuristic scenarios, often with advanced technologies like teleporters or faster-than-light travel. Many sci-fi films are set on other planets, or even in outer space.

科幻电影向我们展示未来场景，通常有很多高新技术像瞬间移动和超光速宇宙航行。很多科幻电影的场景都设定在其他星球上，有的甚至在外太空。

For example, Alien was set on a spaceship. This means that sci-fi films often use a lot of special effects.

比如，《异形》是在宇宙飞船上。这意味着科幻电影经常使用大量的特效。

"Special effects in the original Star Wars were very advanced for when it was made." Special effects can be created using models or computer graphics.

“《星球大战》的特效在其制作时是非常先进的。”特效制作通常是利用模型和电脑成像技术。

Special effects which are made using computers are often called CGI—computer-generated imagery. "When a film uses too much CGI, it stops being believable."

电脑制作的特效通常称为 CGI——电脑成像技术。“如果一部电影使用了太多的电脑成像技术，就变得不可信了。”

Have you seen The Matrix? This film was famous for its CGI.

你看过《黑客帝国》吗？这部电影以其电脑成像技术而闻名。

It used a lot of techniques that hadn't really been used before. Matrix is another film which fits into two genres: it's sci-fi, but it's also an action film.

它使用了很多之前从未用过的技术。《黑客帝国》又是一部符合两种题材的电影：它既是科幻片，又是动作片。

Action films are typically full of fights, guns, car chases and explosions. This looks like a scene from an action film.

动作片里通常充斥着打斗，枪支，追车和爆炸。这个看起来就像是一个动作片里的场景。

James Bond, Indiana Jones and the Matrix films are examples of action films. Quite often these films have stunts in them.

《詹姆斯·邦德》，《夺宝奇兵》和《黑客帝国》都是动作电影。通常这些电影里都有特技动作。

For example, the hero might have to jump out of a moving car, or fight someone on the roof of a moving train. Which do you prefer: films with real stunts, or CGI?

比如，男主人公可能必须从一辆行驶地汽车上跳下来，或者和某人在飞奔地火车顶上打斗。你更喜欢哪种呢？真实的特技动作还是电脑成像技术？

Probably real stunts, right? However, action films aren't the only exciting film genre…

大概是真实特技吧？然而，动作电影并不是唯一的激动人心的电影题材...

Part five: mystery films: thrillers and crime. Some films really hold your attention all the way through.

第五部分：推理悬疑类的电影；惊悚片和犯罪片。有些电影确实能从头到尾紧抓你的注意力。

You don't know what's going to happen, and this can make you feel excited or nervous. These films are thrillers.

你不知道会发生什么，这让你感觉很刺激或者紧张。这样的电影就是惊悚片。

The Usual Suspects is an example of a thriller. Director Alfred Hitchcock is famous for his thrillers, including the classic film Psycho.

《非常嫌疑犯》就是一部惊悚片。导演阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克的惊悚片很有名，其中包括经典影片《惊魂记》。

Thrillers are suspenseful—they make you feel excited or nervous because you aren't sure what's going to happen next. In a good thriller, the suspense will keep you on the edge of your seat.

惊悚片是充满悬念的——因为你不知道会发生什么，所以他们让你觉得刺激和紧张。一部好的惊悚片，悬念会让你觉得兴奋紧张。

"The Silence of the Lambs kept me on the edge of my seat all the way through." A good thriller is also gripping.

“《沉默的羔羊》让我从头到尾紧张得一动不敢动。”一部好的惊悚片也应该是扣人心弦的。

You can't stop watching because you want to see what's going to happen. "The Usual Suspects is a gripping film with a brilliant twist."

你根本无法停止观看，因为你想知道接下来会发生什么。“《非常嫌疑犯》是一部扣人心弦的电影，里面的反转精妙绝伦。”

What's a twist? Many thrillers have a twist—a very surprising change of direction.

反转是什么？很多惊悚片都有反转——就是剧情走向的一个出乎意料的转折。

A good twist is unpredictable. For example, you could say: "I really didn't see the twist coming in Memento."

一个好反转是无法预测的。比如，你可以说：“《记忆碎片》里出现的反转真的让我意想不到。”

For a bad thriller, you might say, "I saw the twist coming a mile away. Boring!" Many thrillers and exciting films are also crime films.

对于一部差劲的惊悚片，你可以说，“我很轻易地就预见这个反转了。真无聊！”很多惊悚片和刺激的电影同样也是犯罪片。

Crime films can be detective stories, where detectives try to solve a mystery, or they can be stories about criminals. Like thrillers, crime films should be gripping and suspenseful.

犯罪片可以讲侦探故事，里面的侦探努力破解谜题也可以讲罪犯的故事。像惊悚片一样，犯罪片同样充满悬念，扣人心弦。

Many crime films are also quite violent. If a film has a lot of violence, you can describe it as brutal.

很多犯罪电影里还充斥着暴力。如果一部电影里有很多暴力场景，你可以用残暴的来形容。

"Scarface has some pretty brutal scenes." If a film is so violent that it's difficult to watch, you might describe it as gruesome.

“《疤面煞星》里面有很多特别残暴的场景。”如果一部电影过于残暴，以至于让人难以观看，你可以将其形容为令人作呕的。

"I couldn't get to the end of Reservoir Dogs. It was just too gruesome."

“我没法看完《落水狗》。它实在太令人作呕了。”

The best crime films need a good villain. The villain is the opposite of the hero.

优秀的犯罪电影需要精妙的反派角色。反派角色就是男主角的敌人。

The villain in a crime film is often the number one criminal, the bad guy. "No Country for Old Men surely has one of the best villains of any film."

犯罪片里的反派角色通常就是头号罪犯和坏蛋。“《老无所依》的确塑造了所有电影里最佳反派角色。”

However, sometimes the bad guy is the hero of the film. In this case, you can describe the main character as an antihero.

然而，有些时候反面人物才是电影里的主角。在这种情况下，你可以把主角描述为一个反英雄式人物。

In a good crime film, you'll sympathize with the antihero, even though they're a criminal. "Leon is a great film.

一部优秀的犯罪片，你会对反英雄人物产生同情，尽管他们是罪犯。“《这个杀手不太冷》是一部很棒的电影。

Even though he's a professional killer, you see his human side." So now you should be able to talk about films you like and discuss many different kinds of film in English.

尽管主角是一个职业杀手，但你能看到他人性化的一面。”所以，你现在应该能用英语谈论你喜欢的电影或讨论不同类型的电影了。

There's a lot of vocabulary in this lesson. Can you remember some of the new words you've heard?

本节课学习了很多词汇。刚才听到的新单词你记住了么？

For example, what does bleak mean? What kind of film can be described as hilarious?

比如，bleak 的意思是什么？什么样的电影可以用 hilarious 来描述？

What does a suspenseful film do to you? Don't worry if you can't remember everything!

你觉得悬疑电影怎么样？如果你没全部记住也不用担心。

You can always watch the video again to review the vocabulary. You can also read the full script on our website.

你可以再次观看视频来回顾词汇。你可以在我们的网站阅读完整脚本。

And there's also a quiz, so you can test your film vocabulary! That's all from me.

这里还有一个测试，你可以检查你的电影词汇！我所说的就这么多了。

So what's your favourite film? And what film genres do you like/dislike, and why?

你最喜欢的电影是什么？你喜欢/讨厌什么题材的电影？为什么？

You can let us know in the comments below.

For more of our free English lessons please visit: Oxford Online English dot com.

你可以在下面的评论中告诉我们。

观看更多免费课程请登录我们的网站：Oxford Online English dot com.

See you next time.

下次见。